The European Union was one of the first regions globally to introduce a comprehensive package of regulations to guide its adoption of the crypto space for developers and investors. 

In June 2023, the European Union’s Markets in Crypto-Assets Regulation (MiCA) came into effect . Since then, the EU’s 27 member states have been actively working on their individual approaches to implementation. 

At the Association for Financial Markets in Europe’s (AFME) annual European Compliance and Legal conference on Sept. 23, Derville Rowland, the deputy governor at the Central Bank of Ireland,  stressed  that the country is also seeking to stay at the forefront of safe innovation via MiCA. 

Ireland’s MiCA outlook

Rowland called blockchain-based technologies one of the “most notable” innovations in financial services in recent years. 

Ireland eyes MiCA guardrails to democratize finance with crypto image 0

Derville Rowland, the deputy governor at the Central Bank of Ireland. Source: Central Bank of Ireland

She said there are “positive stories to tell” about blockchain already impacting various sectors, whether through investment product tokenization, post-trade infrastructure improvements or interoperability. 

According to the governor, MiCA is an important step for Europe to become a global leader in the adaptation and adoption of these new technologies. It gives local institutions the guidelines they need to “build financial inclusivity” and “democratize finance.”

For the first time, MiCA will introduce a harmonized regulatory framework for the sector that introduces prudential and conduct obligations for issuers of e-money tokens, asset-referenced tokens, and for crypto-asset service providers.

There are also obligations for offers to the public of crypto-assets other than asset-referenced tokens or e-money tokens.

“Innovation has brought in new entrants, new products and new ways of serving customers and the economy. As a result, technological innovation continues to be a focus for the Central Bank.”

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Rowland said she has two priorities when it comes to MiCA implementation in Ireland. The first is to work clearly with other EU member states and the European Supervisory Authorities (ESAs) to ensure the necessary coordination and consistency across Europe. 

“The ESAs are, correctly, focused on driving a convergent approach to the implementation of MiCAR in national authorities authorization and supervision processes. MiCAR, being a first attempt at regulation in this area, is an important opportunity to avoid divergent approaches emerging in different jurisdictions.”

The second is to improve the authorization process via industry engagement to better explain the Central Bank's expectations to those looking to comply with regulations. Already, she said they’ve seen “better risk assessment, better communication and better supervisory” as outcomes of this focus. 

Europe’s collective efforts

Rowland said that leaders in Europe must not lose sight of creating “financial stability and the resilience of the financial sector” to cement sustainable economic growth and promote competitiveness.

“Europe must refocus its collective efforts on closing the innovation gap with the US and China, especially in advanced technologies.”

Already, Member States across Europe have been busy laying the groundwork to help businesses comply with MiCA in their own countries. 

In October 2023, Spain announced that it planned to begin implementing MiCA six months prior to the July 2026 deadline. It said that the EU’s crypto rules will come into force in the country starting from December 2025.

The Central Bank of Latvia opened pre-licensing consultations to crypto companies as its own proactive step to align with the crypto regulations by offering free pre-licensing consultations for crypto-asset service providers.

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