Cryptocurrencies have reshaped how we understand and handle financial transactions. This digital revolution in the financial industry was largely initiated by Bitcoin, the pioneer of cryptocurrencies, over a decade ago. Today, there’s an entire universe of digital currencies, each with its unique features and capabilities. However, all cryptocurrencies largely share the same ethos and values: decentralization, transparencies, speed of transactions, and freedom from traditional gatekeepers in the financial world.

Historical Significance of Cryptocurrencies

The inception of cryptocurrencies occurred with the release of a cryptographic whitepaper by an anonymous individual, or a group of individuals known as 'Satoshi Nakamoto.' Before Bitcoin, there had been several attempts at creating online currencies, but they all failed for variations reasons. On January 3rd, 2009, the first Bitcoin block was mined, marking the beginning of the cryptocurrency era.

The historical significance of cryptocurrencies lies in their potential to disrupt the traditional financial system. Cryptocurrencies brought in decentralization, taking away power from centralized authorities such as banks and governments. They allowed peer-to-peer transactions, reducing the need for intermediaries, hence expediting transactions while reducing costs.

Furthermore, cryptocurrencies struck a chord with a global audience that had growing skepticism over traditional monetary systems, especially after the 2008 financial crisis. The universal, transparent, inclusive, and secure features of cryptocurrencies appealed to many who were disillusioned with traditional economies and financial systems.

Key Features of Cryptocurrencies

Decentralization

Unlike traditional currencies controlled by central banks, cryptocurrencies operate on decentralized platforms called blockchain. A blockchain is a digitized, decentralized, public ledger of all transactions, known as blocks, connected in a chain. This reduces the control of the central authority and empowers the users of the currency.

Anonymity

Transactions made with cryptocurrencies can be done semi-anonymously. While transaction details like the public key are stored in the blockchain, personal identifiers are not publicly shared, providing privacy to users.

Transparency

Despite the anonymity, cryptocurrencies offer superior transparency as every transaction details are embedded in the network, hence available for anyone in the network to see – this enhances its trustworthiness.

Digitalization

Cryptocurrencies are digital or virtual by nature, meaning they don't exist in a physical form. They are stored in digital wallets and can be transferred across the globe in a matter of seconds, eliminating the geographical barriers existing in traditional banking systems.

Security

Cryptocurrencies use cryptographic technology for secure transactions, making it extremely difficult to counterfeit or double-spend the cryptocurrencies.

Limited Supply

Most cryptocurrencies have a finite supply; for example, only 21 million Bitcoin will ever exist. This inherent scarcity is one cause for their value to increase over time.

Accessible Inclusive

Being digital and decentralized, cryptocurrencies are accessible via internet from anywhere in the world, making them more inclusive than traditional banking systems, particularly for people living in regions with limited banking infrastructure.

In conclusion, cryptocurrencies represent an exciting phase in the evolution of money and finance. Their rise has brought about substantive changes in the financial industry, encouraging innovation and disruption. Apart from being a new form of investment, they continue to challenge traditional financial systems and democratize access to financial services. However, it's important to understand that as a new technology, they come with risk. So, doing due diligence is essential before diving into the world of cryptocurrencies. It will be interesting and exciting to see the role cryptocurrencies play in the future of global economics.